D7 Track-Type Tractor Electrohydraulic Systems Sensor Signal (PWM)

Table 1
Implement ECM (MID 82)
J1939	CDL	Code Description	System Response
	879-2	Ripper Shank In/Out Lever Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	No Ripper In/Out Ability
	879-3	Ripper Shank In/Out Lever Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	No Ripper In/Out Ability
	879-4	Ripper Shank In/Out Lever Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	No Ripper In/Out Ability
	879-8	Ripper Shank In/Out Lever Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	No Ripper In/Out Ability
	879-13	Ripper Shank In/Out Lever Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	No Ripper In/Out Ability
	880-2	Ripper Raise/Lower Lever Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	No Ripper Raise/Lower Ability
	880-3	Ripper Raise/Lower Lever Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	No Ripper Raise/Lower Ability
	880-4	Ripper Raise/Lower Lever Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	No Ripper Raise/Lower Ability
	880-8	Ripper Raise/Lower Lever Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	No Ripper Raise/Lower Ability
	880-13	Ripper Raise/Lower Lever Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	No Ripper Raise/Lower Ability
	1078-2	Blade Control Handle Lift Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	The feature is disabled.
	1078-3	Blade Control Handle Lift Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The feature is disabled.
	1078-4	Blade Control Handle Lift Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The feature is disabled.
	1078-8	Blade Control Handle Lift Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The feature is disabled.
	1079-2	Blade Control Handle Raise/Lower Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	The feature is disabled.
	1079-3	Blade Control Handle Raise/Lower Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The feature is disabled.
	1079-4	Blade Control Handle Raise/Lower Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The feature is disabled.
	1079-8	Blade Control Handle Raise/Lower Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The feature is disabled.
	1881-2	Winch Control Handle Spool In/Out Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	No Winch In/Out functionality.
	1881-3	Winch Control Handle Spool In/Out Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	No Winch In/Out functionality.
	1881-4	Winch Control Handle Spool In/Out Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	No Winch In/Out functionality.
	1881-8	Winch Control Handle Spool In/Out Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	No Winch In/Out functionality.
	1881-13	Winch Control Handle Spool In/Out Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	No Winch In/Out functionality.
	3744-2	Winch Control Handle Brake/Free Spool Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	No brake off or free spool functionality.
	3744-3	Winch Control Handle Brake/Free Spool Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	No brake off or free spool functionality.
	3744-4	Winch Control Handle Brake/Free Spool Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	No brake off or free spool functionality.
	3744-8	Winch Control Handle Brake/Free Spool Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	No brake off or free spool functionality.
	3744-13	Winch Control Handle Brake/Free Spool Position Sensor: Out of Calibration	No brake off or free spool functionality.
	4019-2	Air Conditioner Suction Pressure Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	The feature is disabled.
	4019-3	Air Conditioner Suction Pressure Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The feature is disabled.
	4019-4	Air Conditioner Suction Pressure Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The feature is disabled.
	4019-8	Air Conditioner Suction Pressure Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The feature is disabled.
	4022-2	Air Conditioner Compressor Discharge Pressure Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	The feature is disabled.
	4022-3	Air Conditioner Compressor Discharge Pressure Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	The feature is disabled.
	4022-4	Air Conditioner Compressor Discharge Pressure Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	The feature is disabled.
	4022-8	Air Conditioner Compressor Discharge Pressure Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	The feature is disabled.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technique for controlling analog circuits with digital outputs. The duty cycle of a square wave is modulated to encode a specific analog signal level. The duty cycle is the ratio of the on-time to the period. The modulating frequency is the inverse of the period. The duty cycle is programmed into the software of the ECM.

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Illustration 1	g06598781
Implement ECM PWM sensors

The preceding diagram is a simplified schematic of the connections for the PWM sensors. The schematic is electrically correct. However, not all the possible harness connectors are shown. Refer to the latest revision of the electrical schematic for the specific machine being serviced for the complete schematic.

Machine ECM

The following is a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) that are associated with the sensor signal (PWM) circuits of the machine.

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Table 2
Machine ECM (MID 39)
J1939	CDL	Code Description	System Response
	1469-8	Steering Motor Speed Sensor #1: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Failed steering motor speed sensor will cause reduced steering performance.
	1470-8	Steering Motor Speed Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Failed steering motor speed sensor will cause reduced steering performance.
	1471-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1471-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1471-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1471-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1471-13	Steering Control Position Sensor #1: Out of Calibration	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1472-2	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1472-3	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1472-4	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1472-8	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	1472-13	Steering Control Position Sensor #2: Out of Calibration	A level 3 fault will be registered and safe shutdown is allowed. Note: 1471 and 1472 together, will disable machine operation.
	2500-2	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 2 fault will be registered. Shifting disabled.
	2500-3	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Shifting disabled.
	2500-4	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Shifting disabled.
	2500-8	Power Train Speed Range Control Position Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 2 fault will be registered. Shifting disabled.
	2993-2	Director Selector Position Sensor #1: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2993-3	Director Selector Position Sensor #1: Voltage Above Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2993-4	Director Selector Position Sensor #1: Voltage Below Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2993-8	Director Selector Position Sensor #1: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2994-2	Director Selector Position Sensor #2: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2994-3	Director Selector Position Sensor #2: Voltage Above Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2994-4	Director Selector Position Sensor #2: Voltage Below Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	2994-8	Director Selector Position Sensor #2: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 2 fault will be registered. Note: 2993 and 2994 together, will disable machine operation.
	3652-2	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3652-3	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3652-4	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3652-8	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #1 Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3653-2	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3653-3	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Above Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3653-4	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Voltage Below Normal	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	3653-8	Steering Pump Oil Pressure #2 Sensor: Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	A level 2 fault will be registered. Failure of the sensor will result in steering control running from estimated values rather than measured values.
	5001-3	Right Pedal Position Sensor (Decel): Voltage Above Normal	If the code is active at key on, the right (decel) pedal will be ignored. If the code activates while the machine is in operation, engine speed will be reduced to 1000 RPM after 1 second of continuous failure. Engine speed can be increased again by setting the throttle position switch back to LOW IDLE and then increasing the throttle switch to the desired position.
	5001-4	Right Pedal Position Sensor (Decel): Voltage Below Normal	If the code is active at key on, the right (decel) pedal will be ignored. If the code activates while the machine is in operation, engine speed will be reduced to 1000 RPM after 1 second of continuous failure. Engine speed can be increased again by setting the throttle position switch back to LOW IDLE and then increasing the throttle switch to the desired position.
	5001-8	Right Pedal Position Sensor (Decel): Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	If the code is active at key on, the right (decel) pedal will be ignored. If the code activates while the machine is in operation, engine speed will be reduced to 1000 RPM after 1 second of continuous failure. Engine speed can be increased again by setting the throttle position switch back to LOW IDLE and then increasing the throttle switch to the desired position.
	5002-3	Left Pedal Position Sensor (Brake): Voltage Above Normal	Brake pedal will not modulate on the brake. Brake engagement will be harsh when the pedal hits the switch at end of travel.
	5002-4	Left Pedal Position Sensor (Brake): Voltage Below Normal	Brake pedal will not modulate on the brake. Brake engagement will be harsh when the pedal hits the switch at end of travel.
	5002-8	Left Pedal Position Sensor (Brake): Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, or Period	Brake pedal will not modulate on the brake. Brake engagement will be harsh when the pedal hits the switch at end of travel.
	5002-13	Left Pedal Position Sensor (Brake): Out of Calibration	The system will cause an out of calibration diagnostic code.
	5922-2	Steering Control Position Sensor: Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect	Steering Control Position Sensors #1 and #2 do not agree. Machine operation will be disabled.

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Illustration 2	g06599266
Schematic of the PWM sensors

Diagnostic Trouble Code Procedure

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Table 3
Required Tools
Tool	Part Number	Description	Qty
T1	146-4080⁽¹⁾	Digital Multimeter Group	1
	8T-3224	Needle Tip Group	1
	7X-1710	Multimeter Probe Group	1
	8T-8726	Cable Assembly (Three Pin) (3-Pin Breakout)	1
T2	JERD2129	Cat^® Electronic Technician (Cat ET)	1
		Windows-based PC	1
	538-5051	Communication Adapter Gp	1
T3	6V-4148	Connector Repair Kit (Sure Seal)	1
T4	190-8900	Connector Field Repair Kit (Deutsch)	1
T5	175-3700	Connector Repair Kit Deutsch DT	1

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⁽¹⁾	This multimeter can use an RS232C cable to connect to a Laptop computer or Dataview tool gp for troubleshooting.

Prior to beginning this procedure, inspect the harness connectors that are involved in this circuit. Poor connections can often be the cause of a problem in an electrical circuit. Verify that all connections in the circuit are clean, secure, and in good condition. Check the wiring for pinch points or abrasions. Look for and repair areas that indicate wires are exposed. If a problem with a connection is found, correct the problem and verify that this diagnostic code is active before performing a troubleshooting procedure.

Identify the active FMI code associated with the components.
Determine which code is present and use the list below to determine which procedure to follow.

FMI 2 diagnostic code, proceed to "FMI 2".
FMI 3 diagnostic code, proceed to "FMI 3".
FMI 4 diagnostic code, proceed to "FMI 4".
FMI 8 diagnostic code, proceed to "FMI 8".
FMI 13 diagnostic code, proceed to "FMI 13".

FMI 2

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Table 4
Verify The Software Version
1. Check and record the latest software version for the machine electronic controls from SIS. 2. Verify that the latest version of software has been loaded to the ECM.	All the software is current.	Result: All the software is current. Proceed to "Check The Harness", Table 5. Result: There is a more recent software release that is available. Repair: Flash all controls with the latest software release. Refer to the "ECM Software - Install" section. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 7.

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Table 5
Check The Harness
1. Turn the key start switch to the OFF position. 2. Inspect the harness. 3. Check for proper mating. 4. Check the exposed wires for nicks and abrasions. 5. Check for moisture, dirt, or corrosion. 6. Check the pin/socket for a proper fit. 7. Disconnect the machine harness connectors from the ECM. 8. Perform the following steps for each sensor: 9. Place a jumper wire between contact 1 and contact 2 of the sensor. 10. At the J1 connector of the ECM, measure the resistance from the sensor positive connector contact to the sensor negative contact.	The resistance is less than 5 Ω.	Result: The resistance is less than 5 Ω. Proceed to "Check For An Open In The Sensor Circuit", Table 6. Result: The resistance is greater than 5 Ω. There is an open in the machine harness. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 7.

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Table 6
Check For An Open In The Sensor Circuit
1. Turn the keyswitch and the disconnect switch to the OFF position. 2. Disconnect the sensor from the ECM. 3. Disconnect the J1 and J2 wire harness from the ECM. 4. At the harness connector for the sensor, place a jumper wire between the signal contact and the supply contact. 5. At machine harness connector for the ECM, measure the resistance from the signal contact to the supply contact. 6. Gently pull on the wires and move the wires in a circular motion at the ECM connector. Observe the resistance readings. Repeat the process for the sensor connector.	The resistance is less than 5 Always during the manipulation of the harness.	Result: The resistance is less than 5 Ω. The signal circuit and the ground circuits of the sensor are not open in the machine harness. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 7. Result: Resistance reading for the signal circuit or the return circuit is greater than 5 K Ω. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5 K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5 K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 7.

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Table 7
Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Reconnect all harness connectors. Return machine to normal operating condition. 2. Turn the start switch and the disconnect switch ON. 3. Clear all diagnostic codes. 4. Operate the machine. 5. Stop the machine and engage the safety. 6. Check if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	Result: The diagnostic code does not exist currently. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP. Result: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with AVSpare. This consultation may effect repair time. For more information refer to the "ECM - Replace" section if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP.

FMI 3

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Table 8
Check The Voltage At The Sensor
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn key start switch and disconnect switch ON. 2. Refer to the schematic to determine the voltage source for the sensor. 3. At the machine harness connector for the sensor, insert 7X-1710 multimeter probes along the sensor supply and sensor return. 4. At the sensor harness connector, measure voltage between the sensor supply and sensor return.	Voltage reading is correct for the sensor.	Result: The voltage reading is correct for the sensor. Proceed to "Check The Harness For An Open" Table 9. Result: The voltage is not correct for the circuit. Proceed to "Check The Harness For An Open" Table 9.

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Table 9
Check The Harness For An Open
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. The key start switch and the disconnect switch remain in the OFF position. 2. Disconnect the machine harness connector from the sensor. 3. At the sensor harness connector, install a jumper wire between the sensor return contact and signal contact. 4. Turn the key switch and disconnect switch ON. 5. Observe the status of the diagnostic code.	The diagnostic code changes from an FMI 3 to an FMI 4.	Result: The diagnostic code changes from an FMI 3 to an FMI 4. The sensor has failed. Repair: Replace the sensor. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 11. Result: The diagnostic code does not change from an FMI 3 to an FMI 4. Proceed to "Check Signal Circuit For A Short To +Battery" Table 10.

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Table 10
Check Signal Circuit For A Short To +Battery
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch to the OFF position. 2. Disconnect the ECM harness connectors. The sensor harness connector remains disconnected. 3. Remove the jumper wire that was installed in the previous test step. 4. At the ECM harness connector, measure the resistance between the signal contact and all other +battery circuits used in the ECM harness connectors.	Each resistance is greater than 5K Ω.	Result: Each resistance is greater than 5K Ω. The harness circuit is correct. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 11. Result: The resistance is less than 5 Ω. A short exists in the harness between the signal circuit and the circuit with the low-resistance measurement. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 11.

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Table 11
Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Reconnect all harness connectors. Return machine to normal operating condition. 2. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. 3. Clear all diagnostic codes. 4. Operate the machine. 5. Stop the machine and engage the safety lock. 6. Check if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	Result: The diagnostic code does not exist currently. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP. Result: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with AVSpare. This consultation may effect repair time. For more information refer to the "ECM - Replace" section if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP.

FMI 4

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Table 12
Check The Sensor
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch ON. 2. Ensure that the diagnostic code is active. 3. Disconnect sensor from machine harness.	The diagnostic code remains active.	Result: Diagnostic code remains active. Proceed to "Check The Wiring Harness Of The Sensor For A Short To Ground", Table 13. Result: Diagnostic code is no longer active. Repair: Replace the sensor. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 14.

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Table 13
Check The Wiring Harness Of The Sensor For A Short To Ground
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch OFF. 2. Disconnect the machine harness connector from the sensor. 3. Disconnect the machine harness connectors from the ECM. 4. At the ECM harness connectors, measure the resistance between the signal circuit and all the other contacts that are used on the ECM.	Each reading greater than 5K Ω.	Result: All resistance readings are greater than 5K Ω. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 14. Result: One or more of the readings are less than 5 Ω. A short exists between the signal contact and the circuit with the low resistance. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance measurement that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains", Table 14.

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Table 14
Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Reconnect all harness connectors. Return machine to normal operating condition. 2. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. 3. Clear all diagnostic codes. 4. Operate the machine. 5. Stop the machine and engage the safety lock lever. 6. Check if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	Result: The diagnostic code does not exist currently. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP. Result: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with AVSpare. This consultation may effect repair time. For more information refer to the "ECM - Replace" section if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP.

FMI 8

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Table 15
Verify The Software Version
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Check and record the latest software version for the machine electronic controls from SIS. 2. Verify that the latest version of software has been loaded to the ECM.	The software is current.	Result: All the software is current. Proceed to "Check The Resistance Of The Sensor" Table 16. Result: There is a more recent software release that is available. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 19. Repair: Flash all controls with the latest software release. Refer to the "ECM Software - Install" section.

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Table 16
Check The Resistance Of The Sensor
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn the key start switch and disconnect switch to the OFF position. 2. Disconnect the sensor from the machine harness. 3. Measure the resistance between contacts 1 and 2 of the connector for the speed sensor. 4. Refer to the table above for the correct resistance values.	The resistance values for the speed sensors are correct according to the table above.	Result: The resistance of the speed sensor is within the expected range. Proceed to "Check The Signal Circuit For An Open" Table 17. Result: The resistance of the speed sensor is outside the expected range. The speed sensor has failed. Repair- Replace the speed sensor. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 19.

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Table 17
Check The Signal Circuit For An Open
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. The key start switch and the disconnect switch remain in the OFF position. 2. Disconnect the machine harness connector from the sensor. 3. Disconnect the machine harness connectors from the ECM. 4. At the harness connector for the sensor, place a jumper wire between the signal contact and the return contact. 5. At machine harness connector for ECM, measure the resistance between the signal contact the return contact.	The resistance value is less than 5 Ω.	Result: The resistance value is less than 5 Ω. The harness is correct. Proceed to "Check The Signal Circuit For A Short" Table 18. Result: The resistance is greater than 5K Ω. There is an open circuit in the signal circuit or the return circuit. Note: A resistance greater than 5 Ω but less than 5KΩ indicates a loose connection or corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance value that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. Repair: Repair or replace the machine harness. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 19.

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Table 18
Check The Signal Circuit For A Short
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. The disconnect switch and the key start switch remain OFF. 2. The sensor and the ECM remain disconnected from the harness. 3. Measure the resistance between the signal contact and all other contacts used in the ECM harness connectors.	The resistance values are greater than 5K Ω.	Result: The resistance values are greater than 5K Ω. The harness circuit is correct. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 19. Result: A resistance value is less than 5 Ω. Repair: A short exists in the harness between the signal circuit and the circuit with the low-resistance value. Repair or replace the machine harness. Note: A resistance that is greater than 5 Ω but less than 5K Ω would indicate a loose connection or a corroded connection in the circuit. A resistance value that is greater than 5K Ω would indicate an open in the circuit. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 19.

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Table 19
Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Reconnect all harness connectors. Return machine to normal operating condition. 2. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. 3. Clear all diagnostic codes. 4. Operate the machine. 5. Stop the machine and engage the safety lock. 6. Check if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	Result: The diagnostic code does not exist currently. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP. Result: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with AVSpare. This consultation may effect repair time. For more information refer to the "ECM - Replace" section if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP.

FMI 13

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Table 20
Check the Calibration
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Perform the calibration procedure for the sensor. Refer to the calibration procedure in Testing and Adjusting manual for this machine. 2. Observe the status of the diagnostic code.	The code is no longer active.	Result: The FMI 13 is no longer active. The calibration corrected the condition that caused the diagnostic code. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 21. Result: The FMI 13 Code is active. The diagnostic code has not been corrected. Verify that the correct software has been flashed into the ECM, or that the correct ECM is installed on the machine. Then repeat the calibration. Proceed to "Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains" Table 21.

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Table 21
Check If The Diagnostic Code Remains
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
1. Turn the key start switch and the disconnect switch ON. 2. Clear all diagnostic codes. 3. Operate the machine. 4. Stop the machine and engage the safety lock lever. 5. Check if the diagnostic code is active.	The diagnostic code is no longer present.	Result: The diagnostic code does not exist currently. The initial diagnostic code may have been caused by poor electrical connection or short at one of the harness connections. Resume machine operation. STOP. Result: The diagnostic trouble code has not been corrected. If the diagnostic code has not been corrected after performing the procedure a second time, the ECM may require replacement. Prior to replacing the ECM, always contact the Technical Communicator at your dealership for possible consultation with AVSpare. This consultation may effect repair time. For more information refer to the "ECM - Replace" section if the ECM needs to be replaced. STOP.