Note: Your machine may not be equipped with all of the controls that are discussed in this topic.
The operation section is a reference for the new operator and a refresher for the experienced operator. This section includes descriptions of gauges, switches, machine controls, attachment controls, transportation, and towing information.
Illustrations guide the operator through correct procedures of checking, starting, operating, and stopping the machine. Operating techniques that are outlined in this publication are basic. Skill and techniques develop as the operator gains knowledge of the machine and the capabilities of the machine.
The following information briefly identifies the components of the cab. More information on the operation of each item is covered separately in this manual.
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| Illustration 1 | g03729895 |
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(1) Auxiliary Hydraulics 3/4 Switch (If Equipped)
(2) Auxiliary 7 Switch (if equipped) (3) Auxiliary 5/6 Switch (if equipped) (4) ECO mode (5) Hazard Flashers (6) Front Work Lights (7) Roading Lights (8) Rear Fog Lights (9) Rotating Beacon (10) Multifunction Lever (11) Accelerator Pedal (12) Horn (13) Steering Column Tilt Control (14) Parking Brake Control (15) Steering Control (16) Decel/ Brake Pedal | |
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| Illustration 2 | g03730145 |
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(17) Optional Keypad
(18) Implement Lock out (19) Quick Coupler (20) Work Tool Electrics (21) Rear Defrost (22) Rear Wiper (23) (Blank) (24) (Blank) (25) Electrical Power Receptacle (12V) (26) Heater and Air Conditioner On/Off Switch (27) Temperature (28) Fan Control (29) Key Switch (30) Transmission High/Low (31) Creeper Control | |
The CWL machine is offered in two different transmission configurations:
Standard transmission
Standard transmission
The Standard transmission allows the operator the ability to select between two machine speed limits. These speed limits are referred to as "Speed Range 1" or "Speed Range 2". These speed ranges have runout speeds of
Note: When the hydraulic oil is less than 0 C / 32 F and the transmission is either the Standard type or a Speeder in Low gear, the software will force and lock the speed range selection to "1" to reduce the maximum speed of rotational components in the drivetrain. Once the hydraulic oil is greater than 5 C / 41 F, the operator is allowed to select any speed range. On Speeder transmissions in High gear, it is not possible to lock to a lower speed range automatically. It is therefore up to the operator to manage an appropriate speed for the ambient conditions and warm the machine up in a reasonable manner.
Hystat Aggressiveness Adjustment
The hystat can be adjusted to different aggressiveness levels depending on the needs of the operator or operation. On machines with the optional 8-button keypad, the Hystat Aggressiveness can be adjusted in the cab by the operator. Press and release the keypad button to toggle through hystat aggressiveness settings. The settings correspond to Soft, Normal, and Hard aggressiveness. Soft is indicated by 1 LED on. Normal is indicated by 2 LEDs on. Hard is indicated by 3 LEDs on. On machines without the optional 8-button keypad, the aggressiveness setting can be adjusted in AVS Electronic Technician. To do this, connect to the Machine Controller. Select the Configurations menu. Under the Drivetrain Configurations, there is a setting called Hydrostatic Response Rate Setting. This can be set to Standard (soft), Intermediate (normal/ medium) or Maximum (hard). This setting is saved over key cycle. By default, the machine will ship in the Intermediate (normal) mode.
Hystat Aggressiveness affects the dynamic response of the transmission to the operator's commands. Common operations like full throttle acceleration, full throttle release / deceleration, direction reversals, shifts to Neutral and inching commands will be affected by the aggressiveness setting. Other aspects of the machine are unaffected by the hystat aggressiveness setting, such as runout speeds, maximum rimpull, service brakes, parking brake and overspeed protection.
Note: If the hydraulic oil temperature is below -5 C / 23 F, the hystat aggressiveness setting will automatically switch and lock to the Soft aggressiveness mode. This is done to prevent fast acceleration commands with very cold hydraulic oil. Once the oil warms up past 0 C / 32 F, the aggressiveness mode with automatically change to the previously selected setting and is then unlocked. This requires no operator interaction.
The Standard transmission has two speed ranges. Range "1" has a runout speed of
In addition to regulating the maximum overall machine speed, the hystat control software is also monitoring the operator's throttle pedal command to determine and regulate an intermediate machine speed. For example, if the operator is giving a 50% throttle pedal command while traveling down a steep slope on a machine with a Standard transmission or a Speeder transmission in Low gear, the hystat control software will attempt to regulate the maximum machine speed to approximately
AVS Electronic Technician can be used to program a maximum machine speed limit as low as 15 kph. It can also set separate speed limits in Forward and Reverse.
The Rimpull Control feature is used to reduce wheel slip (commonly in wet or otherwise slippery conditions) by reducing the maximum achievable hystat system pressure. Adjustment of the Rimpull Control system is done by the optional 8-button keypad. Press and release the Rimpull button to toggle through the reduced rimpull settings. The settings correspond to Maximum rimpull, Medium-High rimpull, Medium rimpull, and Low rimpull. The percentage of rimpull that is allowed in each mode is 100%, 90%, 80%, and 60% for Max, Medium-High, Medium Low, and Low. Maximum rimpull is indicated by all 3 LEDs on. Medium-High rimpull is indicated by 2 LEDs on. Medium Rimpull is indicated by 1 LED on. Low rimpull is indicated off by all LEDs. Overall maximum rimpull is controlled by monitoring hystat drive pressure and adjusting hystat pump commands to regulate the pressure according to the rimpull setting. The maximum drive pressure on the 906, 907 and 908 is 45000 kPa (high side) or 42000 kPa delta (high side minus low side). The individual rimpull settings can be adjusted by using AVS Electronic Technician.
Rimpull Control is only available in Speed Range 1 and Speed Range 2 and is only active when the machine is traveling less than
The Creeper Control feature is used to adjust the maximum speed of the machine for using different work tools or performing specific operations. Creeper Control limits the top ground speed. Machine Rimpull is reduced with decreased maximum speed via the Creeper Control. The engine is still allowed to operate at any speed.
A creeper LED indicator is available to indicate Creeper feature status. The lamp will be illuminated if the control system is applying any creeper request that would result in reduced maximum ground speed.
Note: The creeper indicator lamp will not illuminate in the range "H", regardless of the creeper dial position. When commanded by the creeper dial, the creeper feature will apply a reduction in machine ground speed while the machine is in F or R and in range "1" or "2". The lamp will be illuminated when the machine is in N and a creeper effect is to be applied when the machine engages drive. When commanded by the creeper dial, the creeper feature will apply a reduction in machine ground speed while the machine is in F or R and in range "1" or "2". The lamp will be illuminated when the machine is in N and a creeper effect is to be applied when the machine engages drive. When commanded by the creeper dial, the creeper feature will apply a reduction in machine ground speed while the machine is in F or R and in range "1" or "2". The lamp will be illuminated when the machine is in N and a creeper effect is to be applied when the machine engages drive. Creeper Control is disabled while in "High" gear (Range "H").
The parking brake is a mechanical brake. The parking brake is actuated by the parking brake lever located on the left side of the operator's seat. A switch connected to the lever is monitored to determine the position of the parking brake lever.
Note: The switch state indicates only that the parking brake lever is fully OFF or not fully OFF. The switch state is not a crucial indicator of the holding force of the parking brake.
Neutral Power-up, Parking Brake Interlock, Parking Brake Drive-Through
The hystat transmission controller will always power up commanding Neutral direction. However, the engine will not be allowed to start unless the operator direction command, via joystick and/or column shifter, is also Neutral.
When the transmission is commanded in a direction (forward or reverse) and the parking brake is applied, the transmission will neutralize.
If the hystat control software detects the parking brake in the engaged position, it is possible to override the neutral interlock by quickly commanding Forward-Neutral-Forward or Reverse-Neutral-Reverse.
Note: This command must happen in under 1.5 seconds.
Differential Lock (If Equipped)
There are 2 methods of activation, Press, and Hold or Press and Release as described below.
- Press and Hold button mode allows the differential to be held engaged all the time the button is pressed.
To activate this mode push button (34) and hold the button to lock the differentials. Release the button (34) to unlock the differentials.
Note: The differential lock will stay engaged through any directional changes.
- Press and Release mode allows the engagement and disengagement without any need to hold the button pressed constantly. To activate this mode press and immediately release the button (34) (in less than 1 second) to lock the differentials. To unlock the differentials press and immediately release the button (34) (in less than 1 second).
The differential lock will only activate if the machine speed is less than
10 km/h (6.8 mph) , and it will automatically deactivate if the speed is greater than11 km/h (6.8 mph) . If travel speed is greater than11 km/h (6.8 mph) activation will not be allowed.Note: The differential lock will automatically disengage when any direction change is made. This feature can be disabled via the service tool please contact your dealer.
Note: Both the front differential and the rear differential will lock.
The Implement Lock Out control has two states:
Locked Out: Any of the following conditions will immediately place the implement Lock Out solenoid in the locked out state, which will cut out pilot pressure to the implement valve.
- The implement lockout switch position is unknown or the switch is in the LOCKED position.
- There is an active short to battery diagnostic any implement valve solenoid.
- Anti-Theft Security system operation is locked.
- Key switch in OFF state.
Note: The electro-hydraulic joystick commands will be force to zero when Implement Lockout is Locked.
Not Locked Out: In order for the implement lock out control to transition to the not locked out state, the following conditions must be met:
- The implement lockout switch must be in the NOT LOCKED position.
- There must not be any active short to battery diagnostic on any implement valve solenoids
- Anti-Theft Security system operation is unlocked
- Key switch in ON or START state.
Note: There is a special case of when the key is ON but the engine is not running. If the implement lockout switch is in the Not Locked position and all joystick commands are in the neutral position, the Implement Lockout valve solenoid will be commanded off. Once a joystick command is issued out of the neutral position, the Implement Lockout valve solenoid will be commanded on. This should allow someone to lower the implements to the ground or relieve pressure in the system while the engine is off.
The main implement functions are controlled by the electro-hydraulic implement joystick. The fore-aft direction controls raise and lower. The left-right direction controls rackback and dump. 3rd function is controlled differently depending on whether a machine has one EH implement joystick (outside of Japan) or two EH implement joysticks (inside Japan market). On machines with one EH implement joystick, the thumb wheel at the top of the joystick will command the 3rd function auxiliary system. When rolled forward, the 3rd function forward solenoid is energized. When rolled rearward, the 3rd function rearward solenoid is energized. On machines with two joysticks, 3rd function proportional commands are controlled by the fore-aft direction on second joystick. The 3rd forward and rearward solenoids are controlled by the respective joystick commands. For troubleshooting purposes, the joysticks can be referred to as Left joystick and Right joystick. For machines with a single joystick, the joystick is still referred to as the Left joystick even though it is on the right-hand side of the operator's seat.
The 3rd Function Thumb Wheel provides a means to control the hydraulic oil flow to a tool attached to the front of the machine. Examples of commonly used work tools are multipurpose buckets, brooms, and grapple buckets.
The joystick thumb wheel position determines the direction and rate of hydraulic flow to the 3rd function work tool.
3rd Function Flow Control Mode: The Flow Control feature allows the operator to select either the proportional or the continuous flow control modes. Proportional control will allow the operator to command the flow with the use of the thumb wheel on the joystick. Continuous mode will allow the operator to hold the requested flow command.
Operator Control – Proportional Mode: Moving the thumb wheel will proportionally command the 3rd function solenoids in the direction of the thumb wheel motion.
Operator Control – Continuous Mode: The Continuous Flow Control feature allows the operator to operate the auxiliary hydraulic circuit continuously without needing to hold the joystick thumb wheel at a constant deflection. This feature will be used with tools such as a broom or an auger.
When the continuous flow status indicates ON, the ECM will provide a command output of the set value, until the thumb wheel is moved away from neutral position or the continuous flow switch is depressed again. When the continuous flow mode is active, the continuous flow lamp on the instrument cluster will be illuminated.
Activation: The continuous flow can be activated through the continuous flow switch. The following steps must be followed in order to activate the continuous flow feature.
- Set the thumb wheel at any position in the 3rd function FORWARD or REARWARD direction. (Continuous flow is bi-directional
- Press and release the continuous flow switch.
- Release the thumb wheel back to the Neutral position.
Completing the above procedure would change the flow from the proportional flow mode to the continuous flow mode
Termination: Once activated, the continuous flow mode will be terminated if:
- Implements are Locked Out.
- The operator commands the thumb wheel input away from the NEUTRAL position by 20%.
- Press and release the continuous flow switch while continuous flow is already active.
Float Enable and Disable Modes - Default setting from the factory the float function is enabled. If required it is possible to Disable and or Enabled the Float depending on the operators requirements.
The following steps explain how to disable and or enable.
- Push the Implement Lockout Switch to disable the implements.
- Move the joystick to 100% forward into the full detent position and back to HOLD 3 times in quick succession within 1 second.
- The LED Float Indicator Lamp on the front display will blink 3 times to indicate that the above step has been successful and changed the status as required.
- To confirm that the correct status has been achieved (Enabled or Disabled) push the Implement Lockout Switch to enable the implements and then in a safe area perform an operation check to see if the Float function is activated or deactivated and changed to the required status.
FLOAT - There are 2 activation methods for float.
- Operator holds float position.
- Locked float activation position.
- Operator Holds Float
Push the lever fully forward as far as it will travel to engage the detent position, this will activate float control. When the lever is moved into the detent, the operator will feel a slight change in the required effort to push the joystick into the detent. Releasing the joystick back to the hold position will stop the float control.
Note: This can only be held for 60 seconds as it will automatically release after that time.
- Locked Float Activation
Push the lever fully forward through to the detent position and immediately release the joystick to allow it to return to the HOLD position. This will activate float and float willmaintained until a command to cancel it is made. To cancel this locked float position, move the joystick control to the lift position and when you see any movement of the loader the float will have been canceled.
Note: In both cases when activating/deactivating float function the indicator light on the front display will flash 3 times.In both cases when float is active then the LED light indicator on the front display will be lit.
Rackback Kickout Command / Return to Dig (optional)
When the worktool is dumped past the rackback kickout switch position, it is possible to active the rackback kickout to automatically position the worktool to the preset kickout position. This is usually set to be exactly horizontal and is often referred to as the return-to-dig position. Pull the lever left into the detent in order to activate the Rackback Kickout. When the lever is moved into the rackback detent, the operator will feel an increased resistance from the lever. Once in the detent, release the lever to the HOLD position quickly in order to activate the Rackback Kickout. The attachment will continue until the attachment reaches the Rackback kickout position. In order to override the kickout manually, the lever must be moved at least 6 degrees from the HOLD position. The kickout will not be activated if the lever is held in the detent position for more than 1 second. The kickout will not be activated if the lever is not returned to the HOLD position.
This feature detects when the operator quickly moves the joystick back and forth between dump and rackback. It bypasses the normal EH implement control and issues direct, non-rate limited commands to the valves in order to provide abrupt bucket movement to shake out stuck material.
To activate this feature, the joystick must cross center three times in under half a second. To continue to stay active, the operator must continue to issue rapid back and forth motions and cross the center point each time. If the operator slows down or returns the control to neutral, the EH implement controls will return to their normal state.
Implement Modulation Adjustment
This feature allows adjustment the implement modulation response depending on the needs of the operator or operation. On machines with the optional 8-button keypad, the Implement Modulation can be adjusted in the cab by the operator. Press and release the button to toggle through the Implement modulation settings. The settings correspond to Fine, Normal, and Course modulation. Fine is indicated by 1 LED on. Normal is indicated by 2 LEDs on. Course is indicated by 3 LEDs on. When in Fine mode, the maximum cycle times of the implements may be reduced. On machines without the optional 8-button keypad, the implement modulation setting can be adjusted in AVS Electronic Technician. To do this, connect to the Machine Controller. Select the Configurations menu. Under the Implement Feature Parameters, there is a setting called Implement Modulation Configuration. This can be set to Fine, Normal or Course. This setting is saved over key cycle. By default, the machine will ship in the Normal mode.
This feature will adjust the amount of valve command given for an amount of joystick command. When in the Course mode, the maximum valve command will be issued at a smaller joystick command than normal mode. When in Fine Mode, smaller valve commands will be issued over a wider range of joystick commands when compared to normal mode. Also, in Fine mode, the maximum valve command for some functions will be limited. This lowers the maximum velocity of the worktool and increases the cycle time durations.
Note: To prevent accidental operation, the quick coupler switch has a center detent position with a locking tab in the disengage and engage position.
Engage: Press the bottom of the switch in order to engage the coupler pins. The coupler engage function will continue for a minimum of 5 seconds. After 5 seconds, it will stop when the switch is released. In other words, whether the Engage switch is pressed and released immediately or if it is pressed and held, the engage function will continue to be active for at least 5 seconds. The only way to stop the engage function in less than 5 seconds is to press the disengage part of the rocker switch.
Note: Engaging the quick coupler does not require unlocking the red tab on the switch.
Disengage: Press the red tab at the top of the switch in order to release the lock. Then, the top of the switch can be pressed in order to disengage the coupler pins. The coupler disengage function will only be energized while the switch is held in the disengage position. It will stop when the switch is released. When commanding disengage, the Quick Coupler disengage indicator will be illuminated on the display.
Work Tool Detection Harness (optional)
The purpose of this feature is to divert surplus flow from the steering pump into the 3rd function (primary auxiliary) circuit, when commanded by the operator. The operator command is indicated by a high forward deflection of the thumb roller (greater than 80%). The Machine ECM energizes the boost flow supply and the boost flow diverter relays.
The steering pump also supplies flow to the secondary auxiliary circuit. When the "3/4" switch in the cab is pressed, switch input to the ECM is closed. The ECM responds by de-energizing the Boost Flow Supply Relay and energizing the Diverter Relay, directing flow from the steering pump to the secondary auxiliary circuit.
The work tool detection harness system requires two configurations to be set in AVS ET. These configurations are:
- Auxiliary Hydraulic High Flow System Installation Status – set to Installed
- Quick Coupler Installation Status – set to either Pin Lock (Horizontal coupler) or Wedge Lock (Vertical coupler)
The work tool detection harness system functions slightly different depending on the quick coupler type. The quick coupler type is combined with three inputs to the Machine ECM to determine the action of the work tool detection harness system. The three inputs are listed below with the various states considered.
- 3rd Function Command from Joystick
- Neutralized / 0% Command
- Command in Forward Direction which is greater 80%
- Command not 0% or not greater 80% in the forward direction
- Auxiliary Control Feedback Relay Status (sometimes referred to as the C+/C- Switch or 3/4 Switch)
- On
- Off
- Worktool Harness Detect Input
- Normal
- High Flow without Auto Reverse
- High Flow with Auto Reverse
Before going into the specific functions of the work tool detection harness system, the Worktool Harness input diagram is detailed below. The purpose of this circuit is to combine multiple grounded connections from the work tool harness into a single analog voltage between 0 V and 5 V that can be read by the Machine ECM.
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| Illustration 3 | g03812737 |
The voltage ranges expected at the Work Tool Detect ECM are listed below for different work tool harness configurations. Refer to the machine electrical schematic for more information.
- Standard Flow, 3.14V < Voltage at ECM <= 4.5V
- High Flow without Auto Reverse, 2.46V < Voltage at ECM <= 3.14V
- High Flow with Auto Reverse, 0.5 < Voltage at ECM <= 1V
Pin Lock / Horizontal Coupler Function
The Boost Flow Relay is turned ON and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned OFF when the following conditions are met:
- Auxiliary Control Feedback Relay Status (C+/C- Switch or 3/4 Switch) is ON.
- Implement Lockout Switch is Not Locked Out.
The Boost Flow Relay is turned ON and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned ON when the following conditions are met:
- Work Tool Detect Harness is High Flow without Auto Reverse.
- Auxiliary Control Feedback Relay Status (C+/C- Switch or 3/4 Switch) is OFF.
- 3rd Function Forward Command is greater 80% or Continuous Flow is active on 3rd Function Forward and is greater 80%.
- Implement Lockout Switch is Not Locked Out.
The Boost Flow Relay is turned OFF and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned OFF when all other conditions not listed above are present.
Note: The 3rd function solenoids always follow the operator's command with this type of machine setup and coupler style.
Wedge Lock / Vertical Coupler Function
The Boost Flow Relay is turned ON and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned ON when the following conditions are met:
- Work Tool Detect Harness is High Flow with Auto Reverse.
- 3rd Function Forward Command is greater 80% or Continuous Flow is active on 3rd Function Forward and is > 80%.
- Implement Lockout Switch is Not Locked Out.
The Boost Flow Relay is turned OFF and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned OFF when all other conditions not listed above are present.
Special Condition: The 3rd Function Rearward Solenoid is commanded to Maximum Current when the following conditions are met:
- Work Tool Detect Harness is High Flow with Auto Reverse.
- Auxiliary Control Feedback Relay Status (C+/C- Switch or 3/4 Switch) is ON.
- 3rd Function Command = 0% AND Continuous Flow is Not Active.
- Implement Lockout Switch is Not Locked Out.
The Boost Flow Relay is turned OFF and the Boost Flow Diverter Relay is turned OFF when all other conditions not listed above are present.
This feature is designed to improve driver comfort while the vehicle is traveling. It is a hydraulic system that introduces a pressurized accumulator into the head end of the lift arms and opens the rod side to the tank. This effectively provides suspension to the bucket which reduces the bouncing effect.
Ride Control has two modes of operation.
- OFF - Ride Control always inactive (relay output is always off).
- AUTO - Ride Control activates only when above a configurable machine ground speed.
Ride Control Auto mode is enabled from the optional keypad. The LED above the button will be lit when Ride Control is in Auto mode. It will be off when Ride Control is Off. When Ride Control is active, the indicator on the dash will be lit.
When "AUTO" mode is engaged, the ride control will be activated when machine ground speed increases above the configurable activation speed. Ride Control will deactivate when speed drops
This feature controls the activation of the starter motor when the keyswitch is placed in the START position. The following conditions will prevent the starter motor being activated:
- Anti-Theft Security System (if installed and enabled) reports that security access is not granted. When the system is locked out, the MSS symbol will be shown on the display.
- The transmission direction selector is not in the NEUTRAL position.
- Battery voltage is less than 8 VDC OR more than 18 VDC.
- The engine is running.
- The Throttle Actuator device is performing a power-on self test (LRC mechanical engines only).
The fuel priming relay is also controlled by the Machine ECM. It will power on for 10 seconds when the key is switched from the OFF position to the Run position. It will remain powered on during engine starting and when the engine is running.
The Engine Start Aid strategy is completely automatic on the K & M series compact wheel loaders. Upon key-on, the coolant temperature is monitored and the machine software decides whether to turn on the start aid system and alert the operator to wait to start the engine. On machines with mechanical engines (no engine ECM), the Machine ECM handles the start aid system. If the coolant temperature is below
If the machine has an engine ECM, refer to the Engine System Operations document for Start Aid details.
There are multiple conditions being monitored which can result in the Machine ECM automatically elevating the low idle speed.
Cool Engine Elevated Idle – 1400 rpm
- Purpose: Warms engine immediately after a cold start.
- Requires parking brake engaged, throttle pedal released, transmission in Neutral and Engine Coolant Temperature less than
5° C (41° F) . This feature takes action immediately after all conditions are met. - Elevated Idle cancelled when parking brake is disengaged, transmission is not in Neutral, throttle pedal is pressed or Engine Coolant Temperature is greater than
68° C (154° F) .
Cold Mode Engine Elevated Idle – 1800 rpm
- Purpose: Warms engine and keeps it warm in very cold ambient conditions.
- Requires parking brake engaged, throttle pedal released, transmission in Neutral, a DPF.
- Regen is not required and Engine Coolant Temperature less than
64° C (174° F) or Ambient Air Temperature is less than0° C (32° F) . - This feature takes action 7 minutes after all conditions are met.
- Elevated Idle cancelled when parking brake is disengaged, transmission is not in Neutral, throttle pedal is pressed, DPF Regen is required or Engine Coolant Temperature is greater than
68° C (154° F) and Ambient Air Temperature is greater than4° C (39° F) .
Low Battery Elevated Idle – 1400 rpm
- Purpose: Elevates idle when the machine is under a heavy electrical load.
- Requires parking brake engaged, throttle pedal released, transmission in Neutral and Battery Voltage less than 12.4 VDC. This feature takes action 5 minutes after all conditions are met.
- Elevated Idle cancelled when parking brake is disengaged, transmission is not in Neutral, throttle pedal is pressed or Battery Voltage is greater than 13 VDC for 1 minute.
DPF Regen Elevated Idle for DPF Regen Level 1 or 2 – 2000 rpm (HRC engine only)
- Purpose: Elevates idle when the machine is not working and the Diesel Particulate Filter requires cleaning (regeneration).
- When the DPF Level is at 1 or 2, idle regeneration is required. There are three system checks that can activate this elevated idle, which will assist in the regeneration.
- Requires engine coolant greater than
15° C (59° F) , machine not moving, transmission in Neutral, implements not commanded, parking brake engaged and implement lockout switch in the locked position. This feature takes action 1 minute after all conditions are met. - Requires engine coolant greater than
15° C (59° F) , machine not moving, transmission in Neutral, implements not commanded and parking brake engaged. This feature takes action 2 minute after all conditions are met. - Requires engine coolant greater than 15 C / 59 F
15° C (59° F) , machine not moving, transmission in Neutral and implements not commanded. This feature takes action 3 minute after all conditions are met
- Elevated Idle cancelled when none of the above system checks are met.
DPF Regen Elevated Idle for DPF Regen Level 3 – 1600 rpm (HRC engine only)
- Purpose: Elevates idle when the machine is not working and the Diesel Particulate Filter requires special cleaning (regeneration).
- When the DPF Level is at 3, a parked regeneration is required. The DPF Warning Lamp, Engine Warning Lamp and Action Lamp will be illuminated on the display. When this is the case, simply park the machine and engage the Parking Brake. The engine will ramp to 1600 rpm and run a special regeneration sequence. Once regeneration is complete or if the Parking Brake is put in the disengage position, the engine will return to low idle.
- The machine will require to sit at low idle for 60 seconds after regeneration is complete before it is allowed to drive again.
The Machine software automatically elevates engine idle speed during prolonged cold-weather operation, while the parking brake and hydraulic lockout are both engaged. If the coolant or ambient air temperature is ≤
The Machine software automatically elevates engine idle speed during prolonged cold-weather operation, while the parking brake and hydraulic lockout are both engaged. When active, the low idle is elevated to 2000 RPM.
The Engine Cold Mode Elevated Idle feature will start a 7 minute counter when all of the following conditions are met without interruption:
- The Engine is running.
- The Parking Brake Status is engaged.
- The Implement Lockout Status is Locked Out.
- No active calibrations that may override Engine Speed.
- The DPF Regeneration is not active.
- Desired Engine Speed is < 2000 RPM (as arbitrated by a "Throttle Dial" or "Pedal").
- Either of the temperatures are Less than the specified threshold. (Engine Coolant Temperature is ≤
70° C (158° F) ). (Ambient air temperature is ≤0° C (32° F) ).
The Engine Cold Mode Elevated Idle feature will be INACTIVE (OFF) when ANY of the following conditions are met:
- The Engine is shut off.
- Park Brake Status is disengaged.
- Implement Lockout Status is Not Locked.
- Any active calibrations that may override Engine Speed.
- The DPF Regeneration is active.
- The temperature input that activated the Cold Mode Elevated Idle now goes above the specified deactivation temperature threshold. The deactivation temperature of the Engine Coolant Temperature is >
74° C (165.2° F) and/or the Ambient Air Temperature is >4° C (39.2° F) .
Note: Ambient Temperature is not available on LRC models, so only Engine Coolant is used as reference.
Low System Battery Elevated Idle
The machine software automatically elevates engine idle speed when the system battery voltage is below a specific threshold for a specific length of time.
When the Machine ECMs battery voltage is less than 13.2V for 1 minute, or less than 12.8V for 15 seconds, the engine low idle speed will be elevated to 1400 RPM. The idle speed will remain elevated at 1400 RPM until the Machine ECM battery voltage is greater than 13.8V for 1 minute, greater than 14.0V, or the arbitrated throttle engine speed goes above 1400 RPM.
The low system battery elevated idle feature is available for all models that have enabled this feature. The enabling or disabling of this feature is available through the Cat ® ET.
The cold start aid feature assists with engine cranking during cooler ambient temperatures. Models equipped with C3.3B have glow plugs located in the cylinder head. Models equipped with C3.8 have an air induction heater located in the air inlet line. On models meeting Tier 4 final emission standards, actuation of either feature is dependent on the coolant temperature and is controlled by the Engine ECM. On the remaining models, actuation of the cold start aid is dependent on either the engine coolant temperature or hydraulic oil temperature. For these models, actuation of the cold start aid is controlled by the Machine ECM.
Illustration 4 shows how the cold start system operates. When the key is turned to "ACC On" the lamp and the glow plugs are activated per the time and temperature strategies listed in Illustration 4. Once the machine is started, the glow plugs will remain on according to the strategies shown in Illustration 4. All durations are dictated by coolant temperature shown in Illustration 4.
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| Illustration 4 | g03816589 |
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WT = Water Temp Cold Start System Operations | |
Note: Monitor boot up may take up to 8 seconds. Any pre-heat less than 8 seconds will not illuminate the cold start aid light.
Illustration 5 shows how the cold start system works. When you turn the key to ACC ON, the heater relay is powered. The heater relay powers the (Pre-Heat) and the heater lamp is activated per the time and temperature strategies listed in Illustration 4. Once the machine is started, the After-Heat Timer will remain on according to the strategies shown in Table 3. All durations are dictated by coolant temperature shown in the following Illustrations and Tables.
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| Illustration 5 | g03816493 |
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Cold Start Operation Chart | |
Illustration 6, and Table 1 represent the time temperature curve and duration of the heater lamp illumination.
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| Illustration 6 | g03816496 |
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Heater Lamp Duration | |
| Water Temp | Degrees Celsius / Fahrenheit | |
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| Time | Seconds | 25 | 25 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Note: Monitor boot up may take up to 8 seconds. Any pre-heat less than 8 seconds will not illuminate the cold start aid light.
Illustration 7, and Table 2 represent the pre-heat strategies for time versus temperature.
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| Illustration 7 | g03816506 |
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Pre-Heat Duration | |
| Water Temp | Degrees Celsius / Fahrenheit | |
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| Time | Seconds | 25 | 25 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
The After-Heat Timer duration is shown in Illustration 8, and Table 3, this table is duration of time versus temperature that heat is applied post start.
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| Illustration 8 | g03816514 |
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After-Heat Timer Duration | |
| Water Temp | Degrees Celsius / Fahrenheit | |
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| Time | Seconds | 30 | 30 | 15 | 0 |
Throttle Lock Control (optional)
Throttle Lock Set/Decelerate – Press the Throttle Pedal until the desired speed is achieved and then press the Throttle Lock Set/Decelerate button on the 8-button keypad to lock that speed. When the Throttle Lock is active, the LED above the button will be lit. Once locked, a press and hold of the switch will slowly decelerate the locked throttle speed to allow for small adjustments. Note: To cancel throttle lock, press and release the Set button again or press the brake pedal past 65% travel. Alternatively, turning off Economy Mode will also cancel Throttle Lock.
Throttle Lock Resume/Accelerate – Press the Throttle Lock Resume/Acceleration button to resume previous throttle lock speed that was set before being canceled. Once locked, a press and hold of the switch will slowly accelerate the locked throttle speed to allow for small adjustments.
Demand Fan is a EH controlled cooling fan that will only increase the fan speed once either the hydraulic oil temperature or engine coolant temperature is above a certain threshold. Minimum fan speed is 700 rpm. Maximum fan speed is 2250 rpm. The actual fan speed is dependent on the temperature of the systems being monitored and the actual engine speed.
Anti-Theft Security System (optional)
When the Anti-Theft Security System is Armed, the machine ECM will prevent the engine from starting and will lockout the hystat pump and implement pilot supply valve to prevent hydraulic motion on the machine. The display will also show a machine lockout symbol when the Anti-Theft Security System is Armed. As soon as the system is Unarmed, the machine ECM will return to a normal, fully operational state.
When the Economy Mode switch is in the ON position, the engine speed will be limited to a 2280 rpm (high idle). This will result in lower runout speeds and lower implement cycle times. However, the hystat system will still provide full rimpull and the implement system will provide full breakout force.