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| Illustration 1 | g00286020 |
- Turn the battery disconnect switch to the ON position. The battery disconnect switch is located on the right side of the machine in the engine compartment.
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Illustration 2 g00556384 - Move the transmission direction control lever to the PARK position. Pull the transmission lock lever up to the LOCK position.
- Move the governor control lever to the LOW IDLE position.
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Illustration 3 g00286354 Show/hide table
Illustration 4 g00339733 - Move the control levers to the HOLD position.
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Illustration 5 g00556385 - Turn the key start switch to the ON position. The action light and the alert indicators on the AVSpare Monitoring System should come on.
- Turn the key start switch to START. Crank the engine. The engine should start within 5 seconds. Continue to crank and quickly move the governor control lever from LOW IDLE to HIGH IDLE. Move the governor control lever back to LOW IDLE, and then to ONE-THIRD THROTTLE. This will cause the governor to provide additional fuel for start-up. Release the key when the engine starts.
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Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. Allow the starter to cool for two minutes before cranking again. Turbocharger damage can result if the engine rpm is not kept low until the oil gauge display verifies that the oil pressure is sufficient. |
This machine is equipped with a 3116 AVSpare engine with an automatic electric air inlet heater. The automatic electric air inlet heater is an aid in cold weather starting. The automatic electric air inlet heater also reduces white smoke emissions at start-up. The grid for the air inlet heater is located in the air inlet manifold. The air inlet heater activates automatically whenever the temperature of the engine coolant is
- Improved starting
- Less white smoke at start-up
- Less white smoke after start-up
- Smoother operation with a cold engine
The air inlet heater is a system that is designed to provide a specified amount of heat. The amount of heat that is provided is based on the following factors:
- Engine coolant temperature prior to engine start-up
- Engine coolant temperature during cranking
- Engine coolant temperature after engine start-up
A control in the system activates the grid in the heater when the temperature of the coolant is below the preset value and the ignition switch is turned to the ON position. The indicator lamp on the AVSpare Monitoring System will flash in order to indicate that the air inlet heater is in operation.
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| Illustration 6 | g00556383 |
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DO NOT USE ETHER (starting fluids) unless specifically instructed to do so. This diesel engine is equipped with an electric air heater system to aid in cold weather starting and to reduce white smoke. DO NOT spray ether into the air intake as it will come in contact with heater element and could result in an explosion or fire. Use ether ONLY if the vehicle is equipped with the optional automatic ether starting aid group or immediate engine damage and personal injury may occur. |
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| Illustration 7 | g00286020 |
- Turn the battery disconnect switch to the ON position. The switch is located on the right side of the machine in the engine compartment.
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Illustration 8 g00556384 - Move the transmission direction control lever to the PARK position and then pull the transmission lock lever up to the LOCK position.
- Make sure that the governor control lever is in the LOW IDLE position.
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Illustration 9 g00286354 Show/hide table
Illustration 10 g00339733 - Move the control levers to the HOLD position.
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Illustration 11 g00556385 - Turn the engine start switch key to the ON position. The action light and the alert indicators on the AVSpare Monitoring System should come on.
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Illustration 12 g00556386 - Observe the indicator light for the air inlet heater. When the indicator light is on, the air inlet heater is in the ON or “preheat cycle”. Do not attempt to start or crank the engine until the light turns off. The indicator light shows that the air inlet heater is in operation. Air is being preheated in order to be used initially for combustion.
- Within 5 seconds after the indicator light turns off, turn the keyswitch to the START position. Crank the engine. The engine should start within 3 and 5 seconds. If the engine does not start within 3 and 5 seconds, continue to crank the engine. While the engine is cranking, quickly move the governor control lever from LOW IDLE to HIGH IDLE, back to LOW IDLE, and then to 1/3 throttle. This will cause the governor to provide additional fuel for start-up. When the engine starts release the key.
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NOTICE If the engine start key switch is turned to the OFF position before the engine is started, or if the engine does not start, allow the air inlet heater to cool for two minutes before the next attempt to start the engine.
Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. Allow the starter to cool for two minutes before cranking the engine again. Turbocharger damage can result if the engine speed is not kept low until the engine oil indicator light or the engine oil gauge verifies that there is sufficient oil pressure.
- After starting the engine, move the governor control lever to the LOW IDLE position.
Note: The indicator light for the air inlet heater may come on again, after the engine starts. The indicator light may stay on for an additional two minutes. The additional heater operation provides heated air into the intake. This operation helps to maintain good combustion. This operation also helps to keep white smoke at a minimum.
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Illustration 13 g00556378 - If the engine is not idling smoothly, you can push the switch for the air inlet heater in order to provide additional “post heat cycles”. The switch must be pushed within 10 seconds after the indicator light turns off. When the switch is pushed the air inlet heater is turned on for an additional 30 seconds. You can push the switch more than one time in order to maintain a uniform engine idle.
Your machine may be equipped with an optional ether starting aid. The ether starting aid provides improved startability in severe cold weather at temperatures of
−18°C (0°F) . Use the ether starting aid ONLY if the normal start procedure fails to start the engine.The AVSpare ether starting aid is optional. The ether starting aid can be used in conjunction with the air inlet heater because the ether starting aid sprays fluid downstream from the air inlet heater.
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When starting the engine with ether, follow these starting procedure instructions carefully. Use ether sparingly and spray it ONLY WHILE CRANKING THE ENGINE. Excessive ether use can cause piston and ring damage. Ether should be used only for cold weather starting. |
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This machine is equipped with an air inlet heater (AIH) for cold weather starting. Do not use aerosol can types of starting aids such as ether. Such use could result in an explosion and personal injury. |
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| Illustration 14 | g00556379 |
If the machine is equipped with an ether starting aid, begin cranking the engine. Push the switch and then release the switch. When the switch is released, a premeasured amount of ether is injected into the air intake. Use only enough ether to start the engine. Ether over use can result in damage to the engine.
Note: An ether starting aid switch is provided on all machines. If you are not sure that your machine is equipped with the ether starting aid, see the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Ether Starting Aid Cylinder - Replace" in order to determine the location of the ether bottle.
When the temperature is below