Cooling
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Never add coolant to an overheated engine, allow engine to cool first. Measure specific gravity of antifreeze solution frequently in cold weather to assure adequate protection. When permanent antifreeze and water solutions are used in the cooling system, the solution should be drained and replaced EVERY 2000 SERVICE HOURS OR 1 YEAR. When additions of corrosion inhibitor are made to the cooling system EVERY 500 SERVICE HOURS OR 3 MONTHS, it is not necessary to drain and refill yearly. Cooling system drain period can then be extended to 4000 service hours or 2 years. Maintain a 3% concentration of AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent, in the cooling system regardless of antifreeze concentration. Do not use AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor with Dowtherm 209 coolant. If a machine is to be stored in, or shipped to an area with below freezing temperatures, the cooling system must be protected to the lowest expected ambient temperature or drained completely. |
NOTE: The engine cooling system is protected to -20°F (-29°C), with permanent-type antifreeze, when shipped from the factory.
Pure undiluted antifreeze will freeze at -10°F (-23°C).
Use clean water that is low in scale forming minerals, not softened water. Add AVSpare Cooling System Inhibitor, or equivalent, to the water to provide corrosion protection. Follow the recommendations on the container for the quantity required.
Whenever draining and refilling cooling system, always measure the coolant level when the engine reaches normal operating temperature.
Filling at over 5 gpm (19 litres/min) rate can cause air pockets in the cooling system.
When measuring the coolant level, inspect the filler cap gasket. Replace gasket if it is damaged.
Premix antifreeze solution to provide protection to the lowest expected ambient temperature.
Operate with a thermostat in the cooling system all year round. Cooling system problems can arise without a thermostat.
Fuel
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Fill fuel tank at the end of each day of operation to drive out moisture laden air and to prevent condensation. Do not fill the tank to the brim. The fuel expands when it gets warm and may overflow. |
Water and sediment should be drained from the tank at the start of each shift or after the fuel tank has been filled and allowed to stand for 5 to 10 minutes.
If engine fuel system is equipped with a water separator, drain water from water separator daily before starting the engine. Always drain water from separator before it becomes one-half full. Frequent draining may be necessary in areas of high humidity or when the fuel supply is contaminated with water.
Drain water and sediment from the main fuel storage tank weekly, and before the tank is refilled. This will help prevent water or sediment from being pumped from the storage tank into the machine fuel tank.
Measure fuel level with dipstick in filler opening.
After changing fuel filter, always bleed fuel system to remove air bubbles from the system.
Air Intake
Inspect air intake precleaner daily for accumulation of dust and debris.
Service air cleaners when RED band in indicator locks in visible position.
Electrical
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When using external electrical source to start machines with direct electric starting, turn disconnect switch off and remove key before attaching cable to emergency starting receptacle. When using jumper cables, be sure to connect in parallel: POSITIVE (+) to POSITIVE (+) and NEGATIVE (-) to NEGATIVE (-). Do not allow free end of jumper cables to touch either machine. This helps avoid electrical shock. |
When starting a machine with jumper cables, remove all caps from both batteries. Leave these off during the starting process to allow venting of hydrogen gas.
Connect one cable to the ungrounded terminal of the battery of the machine to be started.
Connect the other end of this cable to the terminal of the same polarity [POSITIVE (+) to POSITIVE (+) and NEGATIVE (-) to NEGATIVE (-)] on the auxiliary battery.
Connect second cable to the other terminal of the stronger battery.
Finally, connect the remaining cable end to the starter ground terminal.
An emergency starting kit facilitates starting from an external power source. It provides a permanent receptacle on the machine to plug in a jumper cable. Two different cables are needed for auxiliary starting from an operating machine or from an auxiliary power pack.
Hydraulic System
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Make-up oil added to the hydraulic system must mix with the oil already in the tank. Use only petroleum products unless system is equipped for use with special products. If hydraulic oil becomes cloudy, water or air is entering the hydraulic system. Drain fluid, purge system *, and retighten hydraulic suction line clamps. Water or air in the hydraulic system can cause pump failure. |
*Contact your AVSpare dealer for correct purging procedure.
General
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Accumulated grease and oil on a machine is a fire hazard. Remove this debris with steam cleaning or high pressure water every 1000 hours or each time any significant quantity of oil is spilled on a machine. |
Drain moisture and sediment from air reservoirs at the beginning of each day of operation.
Wipe all fittings, caps and plugs before servicing.